-Year of Signing: The treaty was signed in 1960between India and Pakistan, brokered by the World Bank.
– Rivers Involved: It governs the sharing of water from the Indus River system, which includes:
– Eastern Rivers: Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej (allocated to India).
– Western Rivers: Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab (allocated to Pakistan, with limited use for India).
– Key Features:
– India can use the waters of the Western Rivers for non-consumptive uses (e.g., irrigation, navigation, and hydropower generation under restrictions).
– Pakistan receives 80% of the waters from the Indus River system.
– Historical Significance: Despite tense relations, the IWT is considered one of the most successful water-sharing treaties in the world.
– Geopolitical Importance: The treaty is often seen as a tool of diplomacy and has implications for India-Pakistan relations.
– World Bank Role: It acts as a guarantor for the treaty and can be approached for dispute resolution under the treaty framework